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Chris van Turnhout, Kees Koffijberg, Erik van Winden, Christian Dronneau, Christian Frauli, Nicolas Strebel, Gerrit Vossebelt, Johannes Wahl, Marc van Roomen

Langfristige Bestandstrends der überwinternden Wasservögel im internationalen Rheintal widerspiegeln unterschiedliche Niveaus der Sanierungen von Flussökosystemen.

2022

119

330–347

Key words
(von 1994 bis 2006 vergeben)

Bestandsentwicklung, Wasservogelzählung, Feuchtgebiet, Wasserqualität, Renaturierungsprojekte

Schlagwort_Vogelart
(wissenschaftlich)

Cygnus olor, Cygnus cygnus, Cygnus columbianus, Branta leucopsis, Branta ruficollis, Anser anser, Anser fabalis serrirostris, Anser albifrons, Anser sp., Clangula hyemalis, Somateria mollissima, Melanitta fusca, Melanitta nigra, Bucephala albeola, Bucephala clangula, Mergellus albellus, Mergus merganser, Mergus serrator, Tadorna tadorna, Netta rufina, Aythya ferina, Aythya nyroca, Aythya fuligula, Aythya marila, Spatula clypeata, Mareca strepera, Mareca penelope, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas acuta, Anas crecca, Tachybaptus ruficollis, Podiceps grisegena, Podiceps cristatus, Podiceps auritus, Podiceps nigricollis, Rallus aquaticus, Gallinula chloropus, Fulica atra, Gavia stellata, Gavia arctica, Gavia immer, Ciconia ciconia, Platalea leucorodia, Botaurus stellaris, Ardea cinerea, Ardea alba, Phalacrocorax aristotelis, Phalacrocorax carbo, Haematopus ostralegus, Recurvirostra avosetta, Pluvialis apricaria, Vanellus vanellus, Numenius arquata, Limosa lapponica, Arenaria interpres, Calidris pugnax, Calidris alpina, Scolopax rusticola, Gallinago gallinago, Lymnocryptes minimus, Actitis hypoleucos, Tringa ochropus, Tringa totanus, Hydrocoloeus minutus, Larus ridibundus, Larus melanocephalus, Larus canus, Larus fuscus, Larus argentatus, Larus michahellis, Larus cachinnans, Larus marinus, Larus sp., Haliaeetus albicilla, Alcedo atthis, Falco peregrinus, Cinclus cinclus, Motacilla cinerea, Oxyura jamaicensis, Cygnus atratus, Branta hutchinsii, Branta canadensis, Anser indicus, Anser cygnoid, Anser anser forma domestica, Alopochen aegyptiaca, Tadorna ferruginea, Cairina moschata, Aix sponsa, Aix galericulata, Anas platyrhynchos forma domestica, Anas bahamensis

Schlagwort_Vogelart
(deutsch)

Reiherente, Tafelente, Blässhuhn, Blässgans, Pfeifente, Stockente, Kolbenente, Schellente, Kormoran, Kanadagans, Nilgans, Rostgans, Enten, Schwäne, Taucher

Hochrhein, Niederrhein, Mittelrhein, Oberrhein, Bodensee, IJsselmeer, Markermeer, Randmeren, Schweiz, Deutschland, Frankreich, Niederlande

englisch

Abhandlung

Long-term population trends of wintering waterbirds in the international Rhine Valley indicate varying effects of river ecosystem rehabilitation. – With an average of around 1.1 million waterbirds present in January 2016–2018, spread across 71 native waterbird species, the international Rhine Valley from the Bodensee (Lake Constance) to the North Sea is a region of major conservation importance within Europe. In these three years, 25 species were recorded in internationally relevant numbers, holding > 1% of their flyway populations. Of the 28 species for which long-term trends could be calculated, more have increased (17) than decreased (6 species) since 1981, whereas 5 species showed relatively stable numbers. In addition, 14 non-native waterbird species were recorded in the Rhine Valley in 2016–2018, which as a group have increased over 20-fold since 1981. About half of the total numbers of waterbirds was concentrated at the lake systems of Bodensee, IJsselmeer, Markermeer and Randmeren. In these sites, long-term trends were most favourable, together with trends in the Dutch part of the Niederrhein. Due to improved water quality, the cover of submerged waterplant vegetations has strongly increased in the Rhine’s lake systems in the past three decades. The plants have provided a food resource for increasing numbers of herbivorous waterbirds. At the same time, stocks of filter-feeding freshwater mussels have decreased in the northern part of the Rhine Valley as a result of, e.g., lower eutro­phication levels, leading to declines in numbers of benthivorous waterbirds. Fish-eating waterbirds have generally increased, but the mechanisms are not well understood. An increase in protected areas along the Rhine Valley has facilitated the general increase in waterbird numbers. In addition, particularly in the Dutch parts of the Rhine floodplains, former agricultural land has increasingly been converted into more dynamic wetlands, in the context of flood prevention and ecological restoration. Creation of such rehabilitated areas had positive effects on most waterbird species, which may have benefited through improved feeding opportunities and increased food availability, except for grass-eating specialists. Finally, it was suggested that for some species warmer winters have initiated large-scale shifts in their winter distribution in north-eastern directions, and it is likely that this shift contributed to a decline of their wintering numbers along the Rhine.