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Klaus, S., A. V. Andreev, M. Lieser & R. Suchant

Sichel-, Hasel- und Steinauerhuhn – Taigavögel im Fernen Osten Russlands

2018

115

291–304

Key words
(von 1994 bis 2006 vergeben)

Waldgesellschaft, Lebensraum, Taigawald, Forstwirtschaft, Waldbrand

Schlagwort_Vogelart
(wissenschaftlich)

Falcipennis falcipennis, Tetrao urogalloides, Tetrastes bonasia amurensis

Schlagwort_Vogelart
(deutsch)

Sichelhuhn, Steinauerhuhn, Haselhuhn

Charpin-Baktor, Amur, Sibirien, Russland

deutsch

Abhandlung

Siberian Grouse, Hazel Grouse and Black-billed Capercaillie – taiga inhabitants in the Russian Far East. – Ecological studies of the three tetraonid species were performed at two sites, 60 and 80 km NW of Komsomolsk/Amur. Tree and ground vegetation of the virgin forests were quantitatively analysed. Black-billed Capercaillie Tetrao urogalloides was observed at additional study sites near Magadan. The endemic Siberian Grouse Falcipennis falcipennis inhabits the dark coniferous forests of the Okhotskian taiga. Boreal forests of spruce and fir configured with larch-dominated forests form the typical habitat in most of the species’ range. In the mountains, thickets of shrub pine Pinus pumila were used as well as the border of extended bogs covered by dwarf birch Betula costata and Labrador tea Ledum palustre. Forest fires are the driving force in the cyclic rejuvenation of taiga forests in the study area, often accompanied by a change of forest types: After burning of spruce-fir forests, the preferred habitat of Siberian Grouse, pioneer trees grow up, dominated by larch intermixed with aspen, birch and willow species, an optimal habitat of Hazel Grouse Tetrastes bonasia. This succession results in even-aged larch woods, the older stages form the preferred habitat of Black-billed Capercaillie. Later on, under the cover of old larch an understorey of spruce and fir grows up again, resulting 200–300 years later in dark-needle taiga. At higher fire frequency, larch forests dominate at the landscape scale. Clear-cutting can have similar effects. Siberian Grouse and Black-billed Capercaillie are following the cyclus of forest types. The Hazel Grouse has a much broader ecological niche and inhabits all forest types with the highest density along edges. The unique biodiversity of the Okhotsk taiga is in danger if large-scale clear-cutting practices continue. Therefore, the network of large existing reserves needs stability or even extension.