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Weggler, M. & Y. Schwarzenbach

Zusammenhänge zwischen der Bestandesentwicklung der Brutvögel 1988-2008 und der Quantität und Qualität der Ökoflächen im Landwirtschaftsgebiet im Kanton Zürich.

2011

108

323–344

Key words
(von 1994 bis 2006 vergeben)

Bestandesentwicklung, Brutvögel, Quantität, Qualität, Ökoflächen, Artenvielfalt, Ausgleichsflächen, Kulturland, Vernetzung

Schlagwort_Vogelart
(wissenschaftlich)

Perdix perdix,Coturnix coturnix, Ciconia ciconia, Milvus milvus, Falco tinnunculus, Crex crex, Vanellus vanellus, Gallinago gallinago, Numenius arquata, Larus ridibundus, Streptopelia turtur, Cuculus canorus, Tyto alba, Otus scops, Athene noctua, Asio otus, Upupa epops, Jynx torquilla, Picus canus, Picus viridis, Dendrocopos minor, Lullula arborea, Alauda arvensis, Hirundo rustica, Anthus trivialis, Anthus pratensis, Anthus spinoletta, Motacilla flava, Luscinia megarhyncho, Phoenicurus phoenicurus, Saxicola rubetra, Saxicola torquatus, Turdus pilaris, Acrocephalus palustris, Sylvia borin, Sylvia communis, Ficedula albicollis, Certhia brachydactyla, Lanius collurio, Lanius senator, Corvus monedula, Carduelis carduelis, Carduelis cannabina, Emberiza citrinella, Emberiza cirlus, Emberiza hortulana, Emberiza calandra

Schlagwort_Vogelart
(deutsch)

Rebhuhn, Wachtel, Weissstorch, Rotmilan, Turmfalke, Wachtelkönig, Kiebitz, Bekassine, Grosser Brachvogel, Lachmöwe, Turteltaube, Kuckuck, Schleiereule, Zwergohreule, Steinkauz, Waldohreule, Wiedehopf, Wendehals, Grauspecht, Grünspecht, Kleinspecht, Heidelerche, Feldlerche, Rauchschwalbe, Baumpieper, Wiesenpieper, Bergpieper, Schafstelze, Nachtigall, Gartenrotschwanz, Braunkehlchen, Schwarzkehlchen, Wacholderdrossel, Sumpfrohrsänger, Gartengrasmücke, Dorngrasmücke, Halsbandschnäpper, Gartenbaumläufer, Neuntöter, Rotkopfwürger, Dohle, Distelfink, Hänfling, Goldammer, Zaunammer, Ortolan, Grauammer

Kanton Zürich, Schweiz

deutsch

Abhandlung

Relationships between population trends in breeding birds 1988–2008 and quantity and quality of ecological compensation areas in farmland in the canton of Zurich. – Since 1993, farmers have to manage a minimum of 5 % (7 % since 1998) of their cropped farmland as so-called ecological compensation areas to enhance biodiversity. Additional governmental funding is provided since 2003 for improved connectivity (ÖQV-V programme) and quality (ÖQV-Q programme) of these areas. Based on large-scale breeding bird census data from 1988 and 2008, we tested for 164 boroughs (each approx. 1000 ha) and 1027 landscape plots (40–60 ha each) whether population change of target species in agri-environment schemes (UZL-species) was related to the extent and quality of ecological compensation areas within plots. Species richness and population size of UZL-species decreased by 20 % between 1998 and 2008. UZL-species bound to arable land showed an even stronger population decline of 50 %. The decline in a plot was proportional to the initial value in 1988. Revealed by analysis of variance, species richness and size of the breeding population in a plot were weakly correlated with the area of ecological compensation areas that fulfilled the standard of ÖQV-Q. However, total area of ecological compensation areas correlated only weakly with species richness and no effect was found for ecological compensation areas fulfilling the standard of ÖQV-V. The bottom line is that the ÖQV programme did mitigate the overall decline in breeding bird populations only slightly. The limited effects of the ÖQV programme on target species are attributed to methodological and biological causes. From a biological perspective, the ÖQV programme failed so far because most ecological compensation areas don't seem to constitute functional habitats for target birds. To generate a positive effect, the programme should focus on ecological compensation areas according to the standards of ÖQV-Q and new types in appropriate sizes and spatial position should be promoted that are relevant for birds (micro-structures with stunted growth of vegetation, stubble fields, short-term fallow land, grassland with incomplete vegetation cover). We propose a shift towards an effect-based payment system that rewards the actual effect on biodiversity rather than the current effort-based compensation.