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Jenni-Eiermann, S.

Zur Physiologie von Singvögeln auf dem Zug: eine Übersicht.

2004

101

41–54

Key words
(von 1994 bis 2006 vergeben)

bird flight, fat metabolism, protein utilization, bird migration, wind tunnel, corticosterone

Vogelflug, Fettmobilisierung, Fettreserven, Proteinverbrauch, Fastenzeit, Vogelzug, Langstreckenflug, Physiologie, Energie, Windtunnel, Wettereinfluss

Schlagwort_Vogelart
(wissenschaftlich)

Calidris canutus, Calidris mauri, Erithacus rubecula, Anthus trivialis, Anthus pratensis, Motacilla flava, Motacilla cinerea, Motacilla alba, Prunella modularis, Phoenicurus phoenicurus, Saxicola rubetra, Oenanthe oenanthe, Turdus philomelos, Locustella naevia, Acrocephalus scirpaceus, Hippolais icterina, Sylvia communis, Sylvia borin, Sylvia atricapilla, Phylloscopus sibilatrix, Phylloscopus trochilus, Muscicapa striata, Ficedula hypoleuca, Sturnus vulgaris

Schlagwort_Vogelart
(deutsch)

Knutt, Bergstrandläufer, Rotkehlchen, Baumpieper, Wiesenpieper, Schafstelze, Bergstelze, Bachstelze, Heckenbraunelle, Gartenrotschwanz, Braunkehlchen, Steinschmätzer, Singdrossel, Feldschwirl, Teichrohrsänger, Gelbspötter, Dorngrasmücke, Gartengrasmücke, Mönchsgrasmücke, Waldlaubsänger, Fitis, Grauschnäpper, Trauerschnäpper, Star

Col de Bretolet, Wallis, Italien

deutsch

Abhandlung

Physiology of migrating passerines: an overview. – Small passerine migrants perform endurance flights while fasting, in spite of having one of the highest mass-specific energy rates among vertebrates. For this demanding performance they need large energy stores during the flight which need to be mobilized efficiently, as well as the ability to build-up energy reserves quickly at resting sites during stopovers. The question how migrating birds manage this task was studied by examining key metabolites of the fat and protein metabolism and a glucocorticoid hormone in actively migrating passerines. Several species of free-living passerines which were captured either out of their migratory flight or at resting sites were studied. The results were complemented by experiments with Knots Calidris canutus flying in a wind tunnel. Migratory birds during flight catabolize mainly fat (more than 90 % of the energy consumed),while they use as few protein as possible. A sufficient supply of fatty acids to the exercising muscles is guaranteed by a special metabolic pathway, pre-viously not yet described for other exercising vertebrates. The preservation of the intestines during protein breakdown during flight as well as hyperphagia and switching from a diet rich in protein to a diet rich in sugars enable resting birds to build up fat reserves quickly during stopovers.